Bergamot (Citrus bergamia)

Citrus bergamia, commonly known as bergamot orange, is a small citrus tree in the Rutaceae family. Native to Southeast Asia but now primarily cultivated in southern Italy, it produces small, yellow-green fruits with a distinctive fragrant rind. The essential oil extracted from the peel is highly prized in perfumery, aromatherapy, and flavoring, particularly for Earl Grey tea. Traditionally, the fruit and its oil have been used in folk medicine for digestive, antiseptic, and mood-enhancing properties. With its aromatic, medicinal, and economic significance, Citrus bergamia remains an important species in horticulture, essential oil production, and specialty food industries.